Progesterone

A steroid hormone called gestagen progesterone is mostly produced in the corpus luteum cells and in the placenta during pregnancy. The corpus luteum's growth and regression are correlated with the progesterone concentration. Progesterone levels rise the day before ovulation, despite the fact that they are hardly noticeable during the follicular phase of the female cycle. During the luteal phase, progesterone synthesis is increased. Pregnanediol is the principal progesterone breakdown product that is expelled in urine during the second part of the cycle. In order to prepare for the intrauterine implantation of the fertilised ovum, progesterone causes the uterine mucosa to transform into a tissue rich in glands (the secretory phase). Progesterone prevents the myometrium from contracting during pregnancy. Progesterone and oestrogens help the mammary gland produce more alveoli and encourage their growth, secretion, and disposition. Progesterone levels are measured in fertility diagnostics to identify ovulation and evaluate the luteal phase.